Leishmania - Differential Diagnoses

Cutaneous leishmaniasis:

• Lupus vulgaris
• Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans)
• swimming pool granuloma (Mycobacterium marinum)
• syphilis, leprosy
• sarcoidosis
• mycoses
• cutaneous neoplasias
• ecthyma
• pyodermatitis
• tropical ulcer
• cat scratch disease (Bartonella henselae)
• botryomycosis
• South American blastomycosis (Blastomyces braziliensis)
• sporotrichosis (Sporothrix schenckii)
• chromomycosis
• lobomycosis
• histoplasmosis
• cryptococcosis
• and others.

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis:

• mycoses
• syphilis
• histoplasmosis
• sarcoidosis
• neoplasias of the skin and lymphatic system

Visceral leishmaniasis:

• malaria
• typhus
• schistosomiasis
• miliary tuberculosis
• mononucleosis
• brucellosis
• histoplasmosis
• trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) and a variety of haematological disorders.

Negative detection:→cause of the disease not leishmaniasis (see differential diagnosis).
Positive detection of Leishmania spp. and type: →specific therapy.

AMH.