Candida chromogenic agar
The medium incorporates two chromogens that indicate the presence of the target enzymes:
- X-NAG (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl N acetyl ß-D-glucosaminide) detects the activity of hexosaminidase.
- BCIP (5-bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate p-toluidine salt) detects alkaline phosphatase activity.
The typical enzyme patterns of Candida spp. are shown in Table 1. An opaque agent has been incorporated into the formulation to improve the colour definition on the agar. The broad-spectrum antibacterial agent chloramphenicol is added to the agar at 500 mg/l to inhibit bacterial growth on the plates.
Technique
Good laboratory practices for the appropriate collection and transport of specimens should be followed.
Clinical specimens should be inoculated directly onto the agar.
Incubate plates aerobically at 30°C. Inspect for the growth of Candida spp. at 24, 48 and 72 hours.
Table 1.
| Chromogen: Enzyme: |
X-NAG |
BCIP
Alkaline phosphatase
|
Typical colony appearance
|
| C. tropicalis |
+
|
|
Dark blue
|
| C. albicans C. dubliniensis |
+
|
|
Green ‡
|
| C. krusei |
|
+
|
Dry, irregular pink-brown
|
| C. glabrata C. kefyr C. parapsilosis C. lusitaniae |
variable
|
Variable
|
Beige/yellow/ brown †
|
Notes:
‡ The green colour of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis is caused by the same chromogenic reaction as the dark blue colour of Candida tropicalis. However, other reactions caused by the medium (the nature of which are subject to a patent application) cause the colonies to appear green.
† Candida glabrata, Candida kefyr, Candida parapsilosis and Candida lusitaniae appear as a variety of beige/brown/yellow colours, due to the mixture of natural pigmentation and some alkaline phosphatase activity. Experienced users may be able to differentiate these species by colour and colony morphology.
AMH.
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